Learning analytics refers to the measurement, collection, analysis and reporting of data and information about learners and their environments for the purpose of understanding and improving learning outcomes. Formative learning analytics uses learning achievement data and information with reference to previously set learning goals to develop suggestions and recommendations what can or should be changed to improve further learning success.
See, e.g.,
Sharples, M., de Roock , R., Ferguson, R., Gaved, M., Herodotou, C., Koh, E., Kukulska-Hulme, A., Looi, C-K, McAndrew, P., Rienties, B., Weller, M., Wong, L. H. (2016). Innovating Pedagogy 2016: Open University Innovation Report 5. Milton Keynes: The Open University; https://doi.org/10.13140/RG.2.2.20677.04325
Herodotou, C., Sharples, M., Gaved, M., Kukuluska-Hulme, A., Rienties, B., Scanlon, E. & Whitelock, D., 2019, Innovative pedagogies of the future: an evidence-based selection. Frontiers in Education, 4, Article 113; https://doi.org/10.3389/feduc.2019.00113
Barana, A. Conte, C. Fissore & M. Marchisio (2019) Learning Analytics to improve Formative Assessment strategies. Journal of E-Learning and Knowledge Society, 15(3), pp. 75-88.
Caballé & R. Clarisó (Eds.) (2016) Formative Assessment, Learning Data Analytics and Gamification. London: Academic Press
Maier, C. Ramsteck & K. Hoffmann (2017) Formative Leistungsdiagnostik und Learning Analytics: Entwicklung, Nutzung und Optimierung eines onlinebasierten Kurses für die Diagnostik und Förderung von Grundwissen im Kompetenzbereich Sprachbetrachtung. Zeitschrift für Erziehungswissenschaft, 20, pp. 728-747
Palmiero, C., & Cecconi, L. (2019). Use of Learning Analytics in formative and summative evaluation. Journal of E-Learning and Knowledge Society, 15(3), 89-99. https://doi.org/10.20368/1971-8829/1135019